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The city formally became Istanbul in 1923. In 1923, the Turkish assembly declared Turkey a republic. After World War I, the country was invaded by Greece, which led to the Turkish war of Independence in 1920, led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. The city of Constantinople was conquered by the Ottomans in 1453 and Turkey became part of the Ottoman Empire. After the fall of the Roman Empire it became part of the Byzantine Empire. 14, 1861died May 16, 1926, San Remo, Italy), the last sultan of the Ottoman Empire, whose forced abdication and exile in 1922 prepared the way for the emergence of the Turkish Republic under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk within a year. 330, Constantine became the Roman emperor and formed a new capital called Constantinople. Mehmed VI, original name Mehmed Vahideddin, (born Jan. In 334 B.C., Alexander the Great took Anatolia under Macedonian Greek rule until Rome took over and Anatolia became part of Roman Asia Minor. King Midas ruled western Turkey around 700 B.C. The ruins of the city of Troy are believed to be in the city of Hissarlik in Anatolia. The Trojan War took place when the Hittites were losing power. There were no streets in between, so people had to enter the homes through holes in the roof!Ībout 4,000 years ago, the Hittites created an empire in the central part of what is now called Turkey in Anatolia. Built 8,800 years ago, Catal Hoyuk was a labyrinth of 150 mud homes joined together. Turkey is home to one of the earliest settlements in the world. Turks excel at weightlifting and a form of wrestling called Turkish wrestling. It describes a collective decision making process in which citizens have. There are three popular teams based in Istanbul. The radical version of secularism that state founder Mustafa Kemal pushed. Soccer is the most popular sport in Turkey. To find work, about two million Turks are currently guest workers in Germany and have formed their own communities there. A sweet flavored candy with rose petals called Turkish delight, or lokum, is sold in many flavors and colors. Their diet includes lamb, eggplant, and yogurt. One of their favorite meals is kebab made from grilled lamb.
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They invite visitors to their homes and make sure they have something to eat and drink before they leave. Turks are family oriented and are very hospitable people.
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One fifth of the population is Kurdish.Ĭhildren who live in the European side of Istanbul may cross the Bosporus by ferry to visit grandparents in Asia. The majority of the population lives in cities, and children who want to go to high school must move to a city. The Turkish people are from diverse backgrounds, a reminder of the many different groups that conquered Turkey over thousands of years.